The Ukrainian tax system comprises several types of tax:
- personal income tax,
- corporate income tax,
- value added tax,
- excise duty,
- inheritance and gift tax,
- property tax,
- and other taxes.
Personal Income Tax
Personal income tax is proportional, meaning that the rate depends on the type of income and may be 0%, 5%, 9% or 18%; for example, personal income tax on an employee’s salary is charged at 18%. In other cases, the rate depends on the taxpayer’s status: for instance, income from the sale of property is taxed at 5% for a Ukrainian resident but at as much as 18% for a non-resident. Regardless of other taxation, all personal income is also subject to the so-called military tax of 1.5%.
Corporate Income Tax
The amount of corporate income tax depends on residence status. To be tax-resident, a company must be registered in Ukraine and governed by Ukrainian law, in which case its worldwide income forms the tax base. A company without resident status in Ukraine pays tax only on income originating in Ukraine, and not all such income is taxable. The tax rates for these two groups differ; for resident companies the rate is 18%.
Value Added Tax
In Ukraine, VAT is levied on the production and import of goods and services and on exports. There are three VAT rates: the standard rate of 20% is the most common, a reduced rate of 7% applies to medicines and other medical products, and a zero rate applies to exports and ancillary services.